Soil Improvement and Stabilization Methods: Solutions for Weak Soils
Soil improvement and stabilization are critical processes, particularly applied to weak soils in the construction industry. The soil is one of the key factors that directly affects the safety of a structure. Weak soils can damage the foundation of a building and lead to cracking, settlement, or shifting in the structure. Therefore, soil improvement processes are necessary for a solid construction foundation.
Soil Improvement Methods:
Soil improvement procedures can be performed using various techniques depending on the soil type and the existing condition of the soil. The most common techniques include:
Jet Grouting (Continuous Injection) Method: This method is applied to weak or liquefiable soils. Jet grouting involves injecting a high-pressure liquid mixture into the ground, which then combines with the soil. This makes the soil more solid and increases its bearing capacity. This process eliminates the risk of soil liquefaction.
Injection Method: Another effective method for soil improvement is the injection application. Various materials (such as cement, water glass, epoxy resin) are used to inject liquid materials into the soil, improving its stability. This technique prevents soil liquefaction and enhances bearing capacity.
Micropiles or Micro Piles: Micro piles or micropile applications are used for soil stabilization. This method involves placing thin piles underground in weak soils. These piles transfer the structure’s load to the soil, increasing its bearing capacity.
Soil Drainage: Drainage systems also play an important role in soil improvement processes. Removing water beneath the soil reduces the risk of liquefaction and increases the structural integrity.
Considerations in Soil Stabilization:
Soil Analysis: Before starting soil improvement and stabilization procedures, a soil survey must be conducted. Factors such as soil type, groundwater level, and soil bearing capacity should be analyzed correctly.
Process Order and Timing: Soil improvement procedures must be performed in sequence. Especially injection and jet grouting methods should be applied at the right time because the amount of water and density in the soil can affect these processes.
Soil improvement is not only crucial for the health of the construction but also for environmental safety. With soil improvement processes, structures can be made safer and more durable.
